Advance Farming of Mango

 Mango known as the “king of fruits,” is a member of the cashew family and one of the most important and widely cultivated fruits in the tropical world. The mango tree is considered indigenous to southern Asia, especially Myanmar and the Assam state of India, and numerous cultivars have been developed. These are a rich source of vitamins A, C, and D.

Varieties

KesarDoseheriBombay GreenFrancis
PalmerNeelamTotapuriHaden
KentChaunsaChok AnanAlphonso
Tommy Atkins

Top Ten Producing Countries 2023

CountryMango Production 2023
India25M
China3.8M
Indonesia3.6M
Pakistan2.7M
Mexico2.4M
Brazil2.1M
Malawi1.7M
Thailand1.6M
Bangladesh1.5M
Vietnam1.4M

Nutrition Facts

  • Fat: <1 gram
  • Sodium: 1.65 milligrams
  • Carbohydrates: 24.8 grams
  • Fiber: 2.64 grams
  • Protein: 1.35 grams
  • Vitamin A1,780 international units (IU)
  • Vitamin C: 60.1 milligrams
  • Folate: 71 micrograms

Advance Farm Management

Good farm management is the only way to increase mango output. This includes cutting and Training. Frequent cutting increases light penetration, improves air circulation, helps preserve tree form, improving fruit quality and productivity.

Land Preparation

Plowing and cross-plowing are done, and then the land is leveled. Prepare the land so that water stagnation does not occur in the field. After leveling, one deeper plowing is taken, and the land is divided into blocks. Spacing varies from place to place.

Sowing

Planting is done in August-September and also in February – March. It must be carried out in cool evenings to protect crops from high wind.

Seed

The planting process typically starts by selecting the seed variety according to weather and available facilities for activity. While selecting the seeds, beginners should consider disease resistance and fruit quality. Selecting seeds according to soil type and care requirements upon house level helps to grow the plant smoothly. 

Some varieties can grow in limited spaces, but overall, a mango tree needs spacious space for growth. The viability test helps in choosing better seeds. It’s a quick quality check where mango seeds are dropped into a water container. The liable seeds sink in water, while the hollow seeds start floating in water.

Before planting, it’s important to remove weeds and debris from the soil and clean the seed. Using a sharp knife to cut the mango and separate the seed from the fruit prevents damaging the inner embryo. After separation, the seed should be washed under running water and dried for 24 hours. The outer layer of the seed can be removed for fast germination.

Fertilizer Plan

  • Nitrogen (N): Essential for chlorophyll production, N promotes vigorous leaf growth, forming the basis for photosynthesis and energy production.
  • Phosphorus (P): Pivotal for root development, flower formation, and fruiting, Phosphorus supports energy transfer within the plant, enhancing growth and maturation.
  • Potassium (K): K regulates osmotic processes, aiding in water retention, disease resistance, and the activation of enzymes critical for photosynthesis and protein synthesis.

Secondary Micro Nutriant

Secondary macronutrients like Calcium (Ca), which strengthens cell walls and supports growth, and Magnesium (Mg), a core component of chlorophyll, are also crucial. Micronutrients, though needed in smaller quantities, are vital for the enzymatic processes and overall health of the fruit.

Irrigation Plan

The more sandy and gravelly the soil, the more frequent irrigations it needs. Depending on soil type, climatic conditions, plant density, variety, size and age of trees, the annual water requirements vary from 50 to 400 liters/day/plant. Plant water requirement increases amazingly during fruit development.

Plucking and Storing

To pick mangoes, grasp the fruit and tug at it. If the stem snaps easily, it’s ready to harvest. Make sure to leave a 5–10cm stem at the top of the fruit; otherwise, the sap might leak and cause sap burn. Not only does this irritate your skin, it can cause lesions on your mangoes and lead to fruit rot. Take it between your fingers and pull it to remove it from its stalk where it is growing.

After plucking mangos to be stored in the following sequence:

  • Keep unripe mangos at room temperature. These shouldn’t be refrigerated before they are ripe.
  • Mangos will continue to ripen at room temperature, becoming sweeter and softer over several days.
  • To speed up ripening, place all fruits in a paper bag at room temperature.
  • Once ripe, the same should be moved to the refrigerator, which will slow down the ripening process. Whole ripe fruit may be stored for up to five days in the refrigerator.
  • Mangos can be peeled, cubed and placed in an airtight container in the refrigerator for several days or in the freezer for up to six months.
The Journey of Mangoes Harvesting Process | How Mangoes are generally harvested

Conclusion

Mango is a fruit called “king of the fruits” with high nutritional value providing a human diet with calories, fiber, vitamins, and minerals. This fruit could also serve as a rich source of bioactive compounds such as polyphenols and carotenoids.

FAQs

How to increase the productivity of mangoes?

Frequent pruning increases light penetration, improves air circulation, and helps to preserve tree form, resulting in improved fruit quality and productivity.

Which is the best method of harvesting mangoes?

These are generally harvested at a physiologically mature stage and ripened for optimum quality. Fruits are hand-picked or plucked with a harvester.

What are the best growing conditions for mango?

Mango need a bright, sunny location with shelter from strong winds. They should have sun from the morning onwards but can tolerate a little afternoon shade, especially in summer and should be protected from cold and frost.

How do you extend the life of a mango?

If your fruit is ripe, but you’re not ready to eat it just place it in the fridge a low-humidity crisper drawer is a good place.

In which season do Mangoes grow?

These are mostly seen growing in the summer season.

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